François Blanc
Hawlwadeenkii ka saaray laba-eberkanoocLaba-eberGodka 00 ee giraangirta Mareykanka. Joogitaankiisu wuxuu faa'iidada kasiinada ka kor qaadaa 2.70% ilaa 5.26%.Akhri dhammaan →, oo si sax ah u fahmay waxa ay samayn doonto.
François Blanc (1806–1877) wuxuu Bad Homburg ku soo bandhigay giraangirta hal-eberka 1843 si uu qiimaha uga dhimo kasiinooyinka magaalooyinka biyaha kulul ee la tartamaya, kadibna wuxuu isla giraangirtaas ku dhisay Monte Carlo. “Hadiyadda” ciyaartoyga waxay ahayd qiimo-dhimis lagu iibsaday qayb suuq.
Homburg ka hor
François iyo walaalkiis mataanaha ahaa Louis waxay ka bilaabeen mala-awaal ganacsi Bordeaux 1830-meeyadii, halkaas oo lagu xukumay inay laaluush siiyeen hawlwadeennada telegraph-ka si ay qiimaha bonds-ka Paris u ogaadaan suuqa ka hor, kiis hore oo ka faa'iidaysi macluumaad ah. Xukun gaaban kadib waxay u guureen maamulka kasiinooyinka, marka hore Luxembourg, kadibna waxay qaateen ruqsadda magaalada yar ee biyaha kulul ee Bad Homburg 1841.
Hal-eberka
Homburg waxay la tartamaysay magaalooyinka biyaha kulul ee la aasaasay ee Baden-Baden iyo Wiesbaden, kuwaas oo giraangiradoodu lahaayeen laba ebergiraangirEberHal godka cagaaran ee aan daboolin sharad lacag isle'eg ah, dersin ama tiir; isha faa'iidada kasiinada. Sidoo kale: single zero, 0.Akhri dhammaan →. Walaalaha Blanc waxay xayeysiiyeen giraangir hal eber leh. Faa'iidada kasiinadaxisaabFaa'iidada kasiinadaQaybta sharad kasta ee kasiinadu celcelis ahaan hayso: 2.70% roulette Yurub.Akhri dhammaan → waxay ka dhacday 5.26% ilaa 2.70%, xayeysiintuna iskeed ayay isu qortay: kasiinada kaliya ee Yurub oo odds-ka ciyaartoygu laba jeer ka wanaagsan yihiin. Ciyaartoydii way yimaadeen, Homburg way kortay, kuwii la tartamayayna ugu dambeyntii way raaceen. Ma ahayn deeqsinimo. Waxay ahayd qiimo-dhimis suuq ay alaabtu isku mid tahay oo qiimuhu yahay qalabka kaliya ee la beddeli karo.
Monaco
Markii Prussia ay qabsatay Hesse-Homburg 1866 oo khamaarka Jarmalka la soo afjaray (miisaskii ugu dambeeyay waxaa la xiray 1872), Blanc horeba wuu guuray. Wuxuu iibsaday ruqsadda Monaco ee fashilmaysay 1863, wuxuu maalgeliyay tareenka iyo hoteelada, wuxuuna kasiinada u maamulay goob dalxiis halkii uu qol khamaar ka dhigi lahaa. Hal-eberku wuu la yimid wuxuuna noqday heerka Yurub. Qoyska Blanc waxay jiilal badan haysteen qayb ka mid ah dakhliga kasiinada Monaco; gabadhiisu waxay guursatay amiirrada Radziwiłł, ina-abtigiis gabadh ahna Bonaparte-yada.
Wuxuu ku dhashay Courthézon, Vaucluse, isaga iyo mataankiisa Louis.
Bordeaux: mala-awaal ganacsi, laaluush telegraph, xukun.
Ruqsadda Bad Homburg.
Giraangirta hal-eberka oo lagu soo bandhigay Homburg.
Wuxuu iibsaday ruqsadda Monaco; wuxuu aasaasay Société des Bains de Mer.
Tareenka Monte Carlo waa la furay.
Kasiinooyinka Jarmalka waa la xiray; Monte Carlo waa ciyaarta kaliya ee qaaradda.
Wuxuu ku dhintay Swiiserland, isagoo ka mid ah raggii ugu hodansanaa Yurub.
Waxa uu fahmay
In faa'iidada kasiinadu tahay qiimo, in ciyaartoydu ay qiimayaasha isbarbar dhigaan xitaa marka aysan xisaabin karin, iyo in qiimo hoose oo mug badan uu ka adkaado qiimo sare oo mug yar. Dakhliga Monte Carlo ee 2.70% wuxuu aad uga weynaa kan Homburg ee 5.26% sababtoo ah waxaa jiray ciyaartoy badan, miisas badan iyo wareegyo badan. Xisaabta khasaaraha la filayoxisaabKhasaaraha la filayoQiimaha la filayo oo lagu dhuftay wadarta lacagta la sharadsaday; celceliska lacagta lagu khasaaro fadhi ama muddo.Akhri dhammaan → (faa'iidada × wadarta sharadyadalacagWadarta sharadyadaWadarta lacagta la sharadsaday fadhi ama muddo, oo lagu tiriyo guulaha dib loo sharadsaday. Sidoo kale: handle, action.Akhri dhammaan →) waxay ahayd qaabkiisa ganacsi ka hor intaan qofna u qorin ciyaartoyga.
Dhaxalka
Giraangir kasta oo hal-eber ah oo adduunka jirta waa tii Blanc. Sidoo kale goobta dalxiiska kasiinada casriga ah: fikradda ah in kasiinadu tahay hal qayb oo meel loo socdo oo leh hoteelo, aqal opera iyo saldhig tareen. Giraangirta Mareykanku waxay haysatay eberka labaad sababtoo ah ma iman Blanc qiimaha ka dhima; giraangirta saddex-eberka ee 2016 waa tallaabada lidka ah, oo la qaaday meel aysan ciyaartoydu lahayn Monte Carlo ay isbarbar dhigaan.
Giraangirta iyo Xeerarka Roulette MareykanRoulette Saddex Eber
Su'aalo
Isaga ayaa soo bandhigay oo faafiyay. Giraangiro hal-eber ah ayaa laga yaabaa in hore loo tijaabiyay; Homburg ayaa ka dhigtay siyaasad.
Lidkeeda. Mugga ayaa ka kordhay inta faa'iidadu dhacday.
Naanays wariye u bixiyay sababtoo ah wuxuu toban sano gudahood magaalo yar oo biyo kulul ah u beddelay caasimadda khamaarka Yurub.
Kaftan yar
Qiimo-dhimis, ma aha hadiyad. Muggu inta kale ayuu sameeyay.
Ilaha
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.